The victim, who is believed to be in his 20s, died after suffering serious injuries injuries on the southbound side of the motorway roadworks on Monday morning between Junctions 1 and 2 near Sunbury.
The incident is currently being investigated by Surrey Police and the HSE.
A Highways England spokesman told Get Surrey: “Every death on our roads is a tragedy and our thoughts and deepest sympathies are with the family and friends of our colleague at Balfour Beatty who died yesterday morning while working on the M3.
“We will work closely with Surrey Police and the Health and Safety Executive on their investigations into this tragic incident.”
A Balfour Beatty spokesperson said: “Yesterday a road worker on our M3 project died as a result of an accident within the roadworks.
“Our deepest sympathies are with our colleague’s family, friends and co-workers at this time.
“We are liaising with Surrey Police and the Heath and Safety Executive to help their investigations and while these continue it would not be appropriate to comment further.”