The road widening project along the A453 is the first of six growth schemes announced in the Autumn Statement earlier this month.
Roads Minister Stephen Hammond said: “The start of construction in January shows our commitment to deliver much needed improvements to England’s infrastructure – helping to unlock growth potential, while cutting congestion.
“I know the A453 improvements will be a welcome economic boost for road users and businesses in the East Midlands.”
Laing O’Rourke will widen seven miles of the A453 between M1 Junction 24 and the A52 Nottingham Ring Road.
It is expected the scheme will be opened in sumer 2015.