Direct action group Reclaim the Power said it had “shut down” work on the Keadby 2 gas power plant where Siemens is main contractor for energy giant SSE.
Main civils work is underway on the site by contractors including PJ Carey and Britcon.
Activists arrived early Tuesday morning when Humberside police were called.
Chief Inspector Lee Edwards said: “We have a police presence at the site to ensure public safety and to try and minimise any disruption to the local communities, while still allowing individuals their right to freedom of assembly, association and expression.
“We have closed Chapel Lane and have a police cordon in place at the construction site to assist with the ongoing protest and to maintain everyone’s safety, which is our main priority.
“One woman has been arrested at the site on suspicion of obstruction of the highway and obstruction of a police officer. She remains in police custody at this time.
“We are liaising with all those directly involved or affected and we will continue to do so, to prevent any disorder and to make sure the protest remains peaceful.”
At Keadby protestor Ellie Groves said: “New gas spells climate disaster, that’s why we’re here today at Keadby.
“Temperatures hit 38 degrees in the UK last week, and extreme weather is already devastating many parts of the world. We’re standing with the people most impacted by the climate crisis.
“Polluting gas power stations like Keadby line the pockets of Big Six energy bosses at our expense. We need clean, cheap, community-controlled renewable power.”