The 120,000 sq ft store got the green light from planners despite an 8,000 signature protest petition from shoppers fearing it would adversely impact upon the nearby Salford shopping centre.
Salford Estates, which owns Shopping City, objected to the scheme and warned it could cost jobs at the site.
The 24-hour superstore will be built above extensive underground parking.
Tesco said it would ‘breathe new life into Pendleton’ and create 600 new jobs.
Matthew Magee, corporate affairs manager for Tesco, said: “We’re really pleased that we can now press ahead with an exciting new store for Pendleton. Our store will bring a great shopping experience to residents and we’re looking forward to playing our part in the regeneration of the area.”
He added: “I’d like to thank everyone who attended our public engagement events and who has supported our proposals. I know that the job opportunities, in such a tough economic climate, will be great for Pendleton residents.”